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<td><h1>CodeIgniter User Guide Version 2.1.3</h1></td>
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<p>This page describes some "best practices" regarding web security, and details
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CodeIgniter's internal security features.</p>
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<p>CodeIgniter is fairly restrictive regarding which characters it allows in your URI strings in order to help
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minimize the possibility that malicious data can be passed to your application. URIs may only contain the following:
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<li>Alpha-numeric text</li>
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<li>Underscore: _</li>
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<h2>Register_globals</h2>
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<p>During system initialization all global variables are unset, except those found in the $_GET, $_POST, and $_COOKIE arrays. The unsetting
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routine is effectively the same as register_globals = off.</p>
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<a name="error_reporting"></a>
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<h2>error_reporting</h2>
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In production environments, it is typically desirable to disable PHP's
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error reporting by setting the internal error_reporting flag to a value of 0. This disables native PHP
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errors from being rendered as output, which may potentially contain
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sensitive information.
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Setting CodeIgniter's <kbd>ENVIRONMENT</kbd> constant in index.php to a
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value of '<kbd>production</kbd>' will turn off these errors. In development
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mode, it is recommended that a value of '<kbd>development</kbd>' is used.
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More information about differentiating between environments can be found
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on the <a href="environments.html">Handling Environments</a> page.
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<h2>magic_quotes_runtime</h2>
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<p>The magic_quotes_runtime directive is turned off during system initialization so that you don't have to remove slashes when
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retrieving data from your database.</p>
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<h1>Best Practices</h1>
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<p>Before accepting any data into your application, whether it be POST data from a form submission, COOKIE data, URI data,
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XML-RPC data, or even data from the SERVER array, you are encouraged to practice this three step approach:</p>
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<li>Filter the data as if it were tainted.</li>
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<li>Validate the data to ensure it conforms to the correct type, length, size, etc. (sometimes this step can replace step one)</li>
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<li>Escape the data before submitting it into your database.</li>
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<p>CodeIgniter provides the following functions to assist in this process:</p>
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<li><h2>XSS Filtering</h2>
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<p>CodeIgniter comes with a Cross Site Scripting filter. This filter looks for commonly
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used techniques to embed malicious Javascript into your data, or other types of code that attempt to hijack cookies
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or do other malicious things. The XSS Filter is described <a href="../libraries/security.html">here</a>.
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<li><h2>Validate the data</h2>
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<p>CodeIgniter has a <a href="../libraries/form_validation.html">Form Validation Class</a> that assists you in validating, filtering, and prepping
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<li><h2>Escape all data before database insertion</h2>
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<p>Never insert information into your database without escaping it. Please see the section that discusses
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<a href="../database/queries.html">queries</a> for more information.</p>
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